Bioenergy Development: Issues and Impacts for Poverty and Natural Resource Management
Bioenergy has been critically important since our ancestors first used wood to cook their food and stay warm at night. Traditional forms of bioenergy, firewood and cow dung patties, remain primary fuel sources for many rural and poor people. More modern sources of bioenergy—including ethanol and biodiesel for transport and wood pellets for heating, among many others—offer great promise but generate great controversy.This book gives an overview of bioenergy developments. It examines the main issues and possible socioeconomic implications of these developments, as well as their potential impacts on land use and the environment, especially with respect to forests. The authors present an introduction to bioenergy, provide a background and overview of solid biomass and liquid biofuels, and examine the opportunities and challenges at the regional and country levels. They also examine potential impacts for specific types of bioenergy.'Bioenergy Development' does not attempt to be definitive on such subjects as the impact of bioenergy on food prices, but it does suggest the tradeoffs that need to be examined when considering bioenergy policies. The authors offer five main findings:• Solid biomass will continue to provide a principal source of energy and should not be overlooked.• There will be major land-use implications resulting from bioenergy developments.• It is critical to consider tradeoffs—including those related to poverty, equity, and the environment—when considering bioenergy policies.• There is considerable potential for an increased use of forestry and timber waste as a bioenergy feedstock.• The climate change impacts of bioenergy development are uncertain, and highly specific to location and feedstock.
1110997916
Bioenergy Development: Issues and Impacts for Poverty and Natural Resource Management
Bioenergy has been critically important since our ancestors first used wood to cook their food and stay warm at night. Traditional forms of bioenergy, firewood and cow dung patties, remain primary fuel sources for many rural and poor people. More modern sources of bioenergy—including ethanol and biodiesel for transport and wood pellets for heating, among many others—offer great promise but generate great controversy.This book gives an overview of bioenergy developments. It examines the main issues and possible socioeconomic implications of these developments, as well as their potential impacts on land use and the environment, especially with respect to forests. The authors present an introduction to bioenergy, provide a background and overview of solid biomass and liquid biofuels, and examine the opportunities and challenges at the regional and country levels. They also examine potential impacts for specific types of bioenergy.'Bioenergy Development' does not attempt to be definitive on such subjects as the impact of bioenergy on food prices, but it does suggest the tradeoffs that need to be examined when considering bioenergy policies. The authors offer five main findings:• Solid biomass will continue to provide a principal source of energy and should not be overlooked.• There will be major land-use implications resulting from bioenergy developments.• It is critical to consider tradeoffs—including those related to poverty, equity, and the environment—when considering bioenergy policies.• There is considerable potential for an increased use of forestry and timber waste as a bioenergy feedstock.• The climate change impacts of bioenergy development are uncertain, and highly specific to location and feedstock.
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Bioenergy Development: Issues and Impacts for Poverty and Natural Resource Management

Bioenergy Development: Issues and Impacts for Poverty and Natural Resource Management

Bioenergy Development: Issues and Impacts for Poverty and Natural Resource Management

Bioenergy Development: Issues and Impacts for Poverty and Natural Resource Management

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Overview

Bioenergy has been critically important since our ancestors first used wood to cook their food and stay warm at night. Traditional forms of bioenergy, firewood and cow dung patties, remain primary fuel sources for many rural and poor people. More modern sources of bioenergy—including ethanol and biodiesel for transport and wood pellets for heating, among many others—offer great promise but generate great controversy.This book gives an overview of bioenergy developments. It examines the main issues and possible socioeconomic implications of these developments, as well as their potential impacts on land use and the environment, especially with respect to forests. The authors present an introduction to bioenergy, provide a background and overview of solid biomass and liquid biofuels, and examine the opportunities and challenges at the regional and country levels. They also examine potential impacts for specific types of bioenergy.'Bioenergy Development' does not attempt to be definitive on such subjects as the impact of bioenergy on food prices, but it does suggest the tradeoffs that need to be examined when considering bioenergy policies. The authors offer five main findings:• Solid biomass will continue to provide a principal source of energy and should not be overlooked.• There will be major land-use implications resulting from bioenergy developments.• It is critical to consider tradeoffs—including those related to poverty, equity, and the environment—when considering bioenergy policies.• There is considerable potential for an increased use of forestry and timber waste as a bioenergy feedstock.• The climate change impacts of bioenergy development are uncertain, and highly specific to location and feedstock.

Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780821381298
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Publication date: 12/28/2009
Series: Agriculture and Food Series
Sold by: Barnes & Noble
Format: eBook
Pages: 268
File size: 2 MB

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments xiii

About the Authors xv

Abbreviations xvii

Executive Summary 1

General Findings 2

Regional Findings 3

Policy Implications 5

1 Overview 7

Main Types of Bioenergy 8

This Report 11

Total Bioenergy Supply and Contribution to TPES 12

Outlook for Bioenergy Consumption 13

Forces Affecting Bioenergy Development 17

Concerns about Bioenergy Development 21

Policies, Targets, and Instruments 25

Notes 39

2 Solid Biomass 41

Long-Term Trend and Outlook for Primary Solid Biomass 44

Bioenergy Production from Solid Biomass 46

Traditional Uses of Solid Biomass for Energy 65

Modern and Industrial Uses of Solid Biomass for Energy 70

Energy Systems Based on Biomass Pellets 76

Notes 86

3 Liquid Biofuels 89

Bioethanol for Fuel 90

Biodiesel for Fuel 93

Economic Viability of Liquid Biofuel Production 96

Social and Environmental Impacts 99

Notes 120

4 Impacts and Issues at the Country and Regional Levels 121

Africa 122

East Asia and Pacific 127

Europe and Central Asia 133

Latin America and the Caribbean 136

Middle East and North Africa 140

South Asia 142

Notes 146

5 Conclusions 147

General Conclusions 147

Regional Conclusions 151

Policy Implications 153

Note 155

Appendix A Production of Alcohol Bioenergy from Sugars and Starches 157

Sugarcane 157

Corn 163

Sweet Sorghum 167

Cassava 170

Nypa Palm 173

Notes 175

Appendix B Production of Bioenergy from Oilseed Crops 177

Oil Palm 177

Soybean 184

Rapeseed 189

Jatropha 193

Jojoba 197

Pongamia 199

Notes 202

Appendix C Second-Generation Bioenergy Production 205

Economics of Second-Generation Bioenergy Production 209

Economic Impact ofSecond-Generation Bioenergy Production 209

Impact of Second-Generation Bioenergy Production on the Use of Land and Other Resources 210

Environmental Impact of Second-Generation Bioenergy Production 211

Notes 211

Appendix D Third-Generation Bioenergy Production 213

Note 215

References 217

Index 233

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