Applied Creep Mechanics / Edition 1 available in Hardcover, eBook
Applied Creep Mechanics / Edition 1
- ISBN-10:
- 0071828699
- ISBN-13:
- 9780071828697
- Pub. Date:
- 10/18/2013
- Publisher:
- McGraw Hill LLC
- ISBN-10:
- 0071828699
- ISBN-13:
- 9780071828697
- Pub. Date:
- 10/18/2013
- Publisher:
- McGraw Hill LLC
Applied Creep Mechanics / Edition 1
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$203.00Overview
This practical guide provides tested techniques for improving the design and life assessment methods for high-temperature components in power plants, chemical plants, and aero engines. The information presented in this book will help you optimize maintenance and repair, save time, reduce costs, and improve operational efficiency.
- Provides real-world industrial perspective on how to apply techniques to practical problems
- Case studies with linear and non-linear material behavior models
- Solution methods based on equilibrium compatibility and stress-strain and energy concepts
- Discusses high-temperature creep of engineering components; high-temperature structural analysis; high-temperature fracture mechanics; and damage mechanics
- Covers welded, notched, and cracked components
- State-of-the-art coverage of thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF)
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9780071828697 |
---|---|
Publisher: | McGraw Hill LLC |
Publication date: | 10/18/2013 |
Pages: | 384 |
Product dimensions: | 6.30(w) x 9.10(h) x 1.00(d) |
About the Author
Table of Contents
Preface xiii
1 Introduction 1
Notation 8
References 8
2 General Solid Mechanics Background 9
2.1 Material Behavior When Subjected to a Uniaxial State of Stress 9
2.1.1 Elastic Behavior of Materials 9
2.1.2 Elastic-Plastic Behavior of Materials 10
2.1.3 Creep Behavior of Materials 14
2.2 Material Behavior When Subjected to a Multiaxial State of Stress 18
2.2.1 Elastic Behavior of Materials 18
2.2.2 Elastic-Plastic Behavior of Materials 20
2.2.3 Creep Behavior of Materials 23
2.3 Structural Analysis of Linear-Elastic Components 27
2.3.1 Description of Broad Problem Types 27
2.3.2 Linear-Elastic Bending of Beams 30
2.3.3 Linear-Elastic Behavior of Internally Pressurized Thick Tubes 32
2.3.4 Application of an Energy-Based Method to Linear-Elastic Components 35
2.4 Elastic-Plastic Analysis of Components 39
2.4.1 Elastic-Plastic Bending of Beams 39
2.4.2 Elastic-Plastic Behavior of Internally Pressurized Tubes 40
2.4.3 Notch Stresses and Strains 41
2.5 Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics 43
2.5.1 Basic Phenomena 43
2.5.2 Fatigue Data 44
2.5.3 Effect of Mean Stress 45
2.5.4 Effect of Stress Concentrations 46
2.5.5 Linear-Elastic Fracture Mechanics 47
2.5.6 Fatigue Crack Growth! 52
2.6 The Finite Element Method 54
Notation 55
References 56
3 Material Behavior Models for Creep Analysis 59
3.1 Introduction 59
3.2 Norton's Creep Law for Secondary Creep 61
3.2.1 The Model 61
3.2.2 Estimating the Material Constants 61
3.3 Damage Mechanics Models 62
3.3.1 Single-Damage Parameter Equations 62
3.3.2 Two-Damage Parameter Equations 74
3.4 Unified Viscoplasticity Model 78
3.4.1 The Basic Model 78
3.4.2 Estimating the Material Constants for the Chaboche Unified Viscoplasticity Model 81
3.5 Optimization of Material Constants for the Viscoplasticity Model 95
3.5.1 Basis of the Optimization Process 95
3.5.2 The Optimization Procedure 98
3.6 Other Models 104
Notation 106
References 107
4 Stationary State Creep of Single-Material, Uncracked Components 111
4.1 General Behavior of Components Under Creep Conditions 111
4.2 Statistically Determinate Problems 115
4.2.1 Axially Loaded Tapered Bar 116
4.2.2 Axially Loaded Stepped Bar 117
4.2.3 Internally Pressurized Thin Cylinder with Closed Ends 118
4.2.4 Internally Pressurized Thin Sphere 120
4.3 Statistically determinate Problems 121
4.3.1 Beams Subjected to Pure Bending 121
4.3.2 Deflections of Beam-Type Structures 123
4.3.3 Pure Torsion of a Circular Bar 131
4.3.4 Internally Pressurized Thick Cylinder 132
4.3.5 Internally Pressurized Thick Sphere 138
4.3.6 Two-Bar Structure 143
Notation 144
Reference 145
5 Inferences from Single-Material, Uncracked, Stationary-State Creep Analyses 147
5.1 Stationary-State Deformation Rates 147
5.2 Stationary-State Stress Distributions 155
5.3 Maximum Stationary-State Stresses 159
Notation 163
References 164
6 Stationary-State Creep of Multimaterial Uncracked Components 165
6.1 Multibar Structures 170
6.1.1 Two-Bar Structure 170
6.1.2 Three-Bar Structure 172
6.2 Multimaterial "Sandwich" Beam Components 173
6.2.1 Two-Material "Sandwich" Beam Components 173
6.2.2 Three-Material "Sandwich" Beam Components 177
6.3 Multimaterial Compound Internally Pressurized Thin Spheres 181
6.3.1 Two-Material Compound Spheres 181
6.3.2 Three-Material Compound Spheres 183
6.4 Multimaterial Compound Internally Pressurized Thin Tubes 184
6.4.1 Two-Material Compound Cylinders 184
6.4.2 Three-Material Compound Cylinders 187
6.5 Multimaterial Compound Internally Pressurized Thick Cylinders 189
6.5.1 Two-Material Thick Cylinders 189
6.5.2 Three-Material Thick Cylinders 191
6.6 General Form of the Solutions for Stresses in Multimaterial Components 193
6.7 General Form of the Solutions for Deformation in Multimaterial Components 198
Notation 199
References 200
7 Applications of the Finite Element Method for Single-Material Components 201
7.1 Introduction 201
7.2 The Example Geometries and Loading Modes 202
7.3 Finite Element Meshes and Boundary Conditions 205
7.4 Material Behavior Models 207
7.4.1 Initial Linear-Elastic Properties 207
7.4.2 Norton Power-Law Properties 207
7.4.3 Continuum-Damage Material Properties 208
7.5 Linear-Elastic Behavior 208
7.5.1 Notched Bar 208
7.5.2 Internally Pressurized Thick Pipe 208
7.5.3 Internally Pressurized Pipe Bend 208
7.6 Stationary-State Creep Behavior 210
7.6.1 Notched Bar 210
7.6.2 Internally Pressurized Thick Pipes 213
7.6.3 Internally Pressurized Pipe Bend 214
7.7 Continuum Damage Behavior 215
7.7.1 Notched Bar 215
7.7.2 Internally Pressurized Thick Pipe 215
7.7.3 Internally Pressurized Toroid 216
7.8 General Observation of Component Behavior 218
Notations 219
References 219
8 Creep of Welded Components 221
8.1 Introduction 221
8.2 The Creep of Longitudinal and Transverse Uniaxial Specimens 226
8.2.1 Columnar and Equiaxed Compositions 226
8.2.2 Typical Experimental Behavior 226
8.2.3 Finite Element Modeling of Weld Metal 227
8.3 Creep of Cross-Weld Specimens 237
8.3.1 Geometry and Loading 237
8.3.2 Stationary-State Creep of Two-Material Cross-Weld Specimens with Norton Creep Models 238
8.3.3 Stress Singularity in Cross-Weld Creep Test Specimens under Steady-State Conditions 245
8.3.4 The Effect of Including Damage on the Predicted Behavior of Cross-Weld Test Specimens 252
8.4 Creep of Circumferentially Welded Straight Pipes 258
8.4.1 Geometry and Loading 258
8.4.2 Stationary-State Creep of Circumferentially Welded Straight Pipes 260
8.4.3 The Effect of Including Damage on the Predicted Behavior of Circumferentially Welded Straight Pipes 269
Notation 280
References 281
9 Creep of Notched Components 285
9.1 Introduction 285
9.2 Elastic-Creep Behavior 285
9.3 Elastic-Plastic Creep Behavior 288
9.4 Comparison of the Techniques for Predicting Notch Stresses and Strains 290
9.5 Use of the Neuber Method in Conjunction with a Time-Stepping Integration Method 291
9.6 Determination of Principal Stresses and Strains 295
Notation 298
References 299
10 Creep of Cracked Components 301
10.1 Introduction 301
10.2 The Creep Fracture Mechanics Approach 303
10.2.1 Stationary Cracks 303
10.2.2 Growing Crack 307
10.2.3 Crack Growth Predictions Using the C* Parameter 308
10.3 The Damage-Mechanics Approach 311
10.3.1 The General Approach 311
10.3.2 Determination of the Multiaxial Stress-State Parameter α That Is Suitable for Crack Growth Predictions 313
10.3.3 Prediction of Crack Front Shape for CT Specimens 317
10.3.4 Prediction of Crack Growth and Crack Shape for a Rectangular Bar with a Thumbnail Crack 317
Notation 324
References 324
11 Small Specimen Creep Testing 327
11.1 Introduction 327
11.2 Subsize Conventional Specimens and Creep Testing 329
11.3 Impression Creep Test Specimens and Testing 330
11.3.1 Background 330
11.3.2 Interpretation of Impression Creep Test Data 331
11.3.3 Inverse Reference Stress Method 332
11.3.4 Use of a Rectangular Indenter 332
11.3.5 Typical Results and Practical Limitations 334
11.4 Small Punch Test Specimens and Testing 340
11.4.1 Background 340
11.4.2 Interpretation of Small Punch Creep Test Data 342
11.4.3 Typical Results and Practical Limitations 344
11.5 Small Ring-Type Test Specimens and Testing 344
11.5.1 Background 344
11.5.2 Typical Results and Practical Limitations 346
11.6 Two-Bar Test Specimens and Testing 349
11.6.1 Background 349
11.6.2 Interpretation of Two-Bar Creep Test Data 349
11.6.3 Typical Results and Practical Limitations 350
11.7 General Observations 352
Notation 353
References 353
Index 357