Acute Nephrology for the Critical Care Physician

by Heleen M. Oudemans-van Straaten, Lui G. Forni, A.B. Johan Groeneveld, Sean M. Bagshaw, Michael Joannidis

Overview

This practical guide provides the reader with answers to important clinically relevant questions regarding the evaluation and management of acute kidney injury (AKI). All aspects of critical care nephrology are covered, from pathophysiology and diagnosis to prevention and treatment. The questions considered relate to a wide range of issues, such as: How do I diagnose AKI? How can I protect the kidney in clinical practice? How do I manage patients with AKI? When should I initiate and how do I perform renal replacement therapy (RTT)? Which type of RTT is most appropriate for my patient? Should I give specific nutrients? In addition to providing practical guidelines and treatment algorithms, the book includes calculators for continuous RRT and anticoagulant dosing. The authors are internationally renowned experts in the fields of Intensive Care Medicine and Nephrology and all contributions are written in a clear and concise style and have been peer reviewed. Acute Nephrology for the Critical Care Physician will serve as a very useful source for intensivist internists, anesthesiologists and nephrologists involved in the management and treatment of critically ill patients at risk of or affected by AKI.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9783319173887
Publisher:	Springer International Publishing
Publication date:	06/09/2015
Edition description:	2015
Pages:	286
Product dimensions:	6.10(w) x 9.25(h) x 0.02(d)

Table of Contents

1. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): Definitions and clinical context (Z. Ricci).- 2. Epidemiology of AKI (E. Hoste).- 3. Pathophysiology of AKI: Ischemia/reperfusion, Sepsis/inflammation, Toxicity, Vascular (A.B.J. Groeneveld,).- 4. Diagnostic work-up of the patient with suspected AKI: Oliguria, Metabolic acidosis (J. Prowle).- 5. Uremic toxins (R. Vanholder).- 6. The kidney and other organs/conditions: Heart, Cardiorenal syndromes, Uremic pericarditis, Lungs/Asthma renale, Liver/Hepatorenal syndrome, Gut/Uremic mucositis/GI permeability, Brain, Coagulation, Pregnancy (S. Bagshaw).- 7. Biomarkers for AKI (M. Ostermann).- 8. Prevention of AKI and protection of the kidney: Fluids, Vasopressors, Inotropes and vasodilators, Anti-inflammatory treatment, Antioxidants; Prevention of contrast associate nephropathy (M. Joannidis, co-authors ICM paper).- 9. Timing of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in AKI (S. Bagshaw,).- 10. Dosing of RRT (C.S.C. Bouman).- 11. Types of RRT: Continuous vs. intermittent, Convection vs. diffusion, Predilution vs. Postdilution, SLED, Replacement fluids, Membranes, Biocompatability (L.G. Forni).- 12. Anticoagulation for RRT: Heparin, Citrate, HIT (H.M. Oudemans).- 13. Metabolic aspects of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT): Control of acidosis, Control of electrolytes, Bioenergetic gain and loss, Loss of (micro)nutrient, Nutrition (O. Joannes Boyeau).- 14. CRRT: in sepsis, after cardiac surgery (P. Honore).- 15. CRRT in the pediatric population (Z. Ricci).- 16. Drug removal by CRRT and drug dosing in the patient on CRRT (M. Schetz).- 17. CRRT for intoxications (D. Cruz).- 18. How to avoid harm in the patient with AKI: summary of key points of previous chapters (H.M. Oudemans).- 19. Follow-up and long-term renal outcomes of patients surviving AKI (J. Prowle).​

Editorial Reviews

Reviewer: David James Dries, MSE, MD (Regions Hospital)
Description: This is an overview of the physiology and early therapy of kidney dysfunction that can occur in patients in the critical care unit. It focuses on specific topics related to acute kidney injury, including prevention, diagnosis, and early management.
Purpose: This is a concise, easy-to-read book for bedside intensivists, with a view to facilitating more effective consultation and performance of renal replacement therapy.
Audience: Trainees with significant critical care exposure, fellows in advanced critical care training, and staff members desiring a rapidly read pocket guide will benefit from this book, which features an international panel of authorities on kidney dysfunction that occurs in the setting of the intensive care unit.
Features: This well-written book is divided into three general sections. It begins with a description of the epidemiology of acute kidney injury to give readers perspective on the importance of this problem to short-term and long-term patient outcomes. A notable addition in this group of chapters is a discussion of acute kidney injury in pregnant patients, a topic not commonly covered in similar publications. Subsequent chapters describe prevention and diagnosis of acute kidney injury with particular emphasis on more recent work in biomarkers, which help to stratify and provide earlier identification of renal insults than traditional biochemistry and urine parameters. The largest portion of the work, approximately half of the chapters, describes issues pertaining to renal replacement therapy. The authors demystify the dosing of renal replacement, clarify the indications, and summarize recent literature on topics such as the role of intermittent and continuous dialysis. Chapters are concise and well written. Good use is made of subheadings, tables, and texture of type. Occasional line drawings are used but there are no photographs. Each chapter includes an excellent reference list with citations frequently dating to within one to two years of publication.
Assessment: This book features an international group of up-and-coming authorities in critical care kidney support along with leading senior international figures. The expertise of these authors is obvious. A particular joy for me is the clear presentation of dosing for renal replacement therapy. As noted above, the importance of kidney outcomes in patients in the intensive care unit is appropriately emphasized. Readers will be well informed on key aspects of treatment. If a more detailed secondary reference is needed, readers may consider Critical Care Nephrology, 2nd edition, Ronco et al. (Elsevier, 2009). This newer, but shorter, book clearly is more current.

Doody's Review Service

This is an overview of the physiology and early therapy of kidney dysfunction that can occur in patients in the critical care unit. … This is a concise, easy-to-read book for bedside intensivists, with a view to facilitating more effective consultation and performance of renal replacement therapy. Trainees with significant critical care exposure, fellows in advanced critical care training, and staff members desiring a rapidly read pocket guide will benefit from this book … .” (David J. Dries, Doody's Book Reviews, August, 2015)

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