Table of Contents
Contributors ix
Foreword xiii
Preface xv
Glossary xvii
Abbreviations and Acronyms xxiii
1 Introduction to Forensic Genetics 1 Scott Bader
2 DNA:An Overview 7 Eleanor Alison May Graham
3 DNA 27 Simon J. Walsh
4 Introduction to Forensic DNA Profiling – The Electropherogram (epg) 35 Allan Jamieson
5 Biological Stains 49 Peter R. Gunn
6 Sources of DNA 57 Sally-Ann Harbison
7 Identification and Individualization 67 Christophe Champod
8 Transfer 71 Georgina E. Meakin
9 Laboratory Accreditation 77 Allan Jamieson
10 Validation 83 Campbell A. Ruddock
11 Extraction 95 Campbell Ruddock
12 Quantitation 103 Robert I. O’Brien
13 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) 111 Campbell Ruddock
14 Interpretation of Mixtures; Graphical 115 Allan Jamieson
15 DNA Mixture Interpretation 129 Dan E. Krane
16 Degraded Samples 137 Jason R. Gilder
17 Ceiling Principle: DNA 143 Simon J. Walsh
18 Y-Chromosome Short Tandem Repeats 145 Jack Ballantyne and Erin K. Hanson
19 Expert Systems in DNA Interpretation 151 Hinda Haned and Peter Gill
20 Paternity Testing 159 Burkhard Rolf and Peter Wiegand
21 Observer Effects 167 William C. Thompson
22 Databases 171 Simon J. Walsh
23 Missing Persons and Paternity: DNA 179 Bruce S. Weir
24 Familial Searching 189 Klaas Slooten and Ronald Meester
25 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism 199 Claus Børsting, Vania Pereira, Jeppe D. Andersen, and Niels Morling
26 Mini-STRs 217 Michael D. Coble and Rebecca S. Just
27 Phenotype 223 Tony Frudakis
28 Mitochondrial DNA: Profiling 239 Terry Melton
29 Geographical Identification by Viral Genotyping 245 Hiroshi Ikegaya, Pekka J. Saukko, Yoshinao Katsumata, and Takehiko Takatori
30 Microbial Forensics 253 Bruce Budowle and Phillip C. Williamson
31 Wildlife Crime 265 Lucy M.I. Webster
32 DNA Databases – The Significance of Unique Hits and the Database Controversy 271 Ronald Meester
33 DNA Databases and Evidentiary Issues 279 Simon J. Walsh and John S. Buckleton
34 Communicating Probabilistic Forensic Evidence in Court 289 Jonathan J. Koehler
35 Report Writing for Courts 301 Rhonda Marie Wheate
36 Discovery of Expert Findings 307 Rhonda M. Wheate
37 Ethical Rules of Expert Behavior 315 Andre A. Moenssens
38 Verbal Scales: A Legal Perspective 321 Tony Ward
39 Direct Examination of Experts 327 Andre Moenssens
40 Cross-Examination of Experts 331 Andre Moenssens
41 DNA in the UK Courts 335 Rhonda Marie Wheate
42 Legal Issues with Forensic DNA in the USA 347 Christopher A. Flood
43 Controversies in DNA 361 Allan Jamieson
44 Future Technologies and Challenges 373 Allan Jamieson
Index 385