A Christian and a Democrat: A Religious Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt

by John F. Woolverton, James D. Bratt, James Comey (Foreword by)

Overview

Franklin Delano Roosevelt, when asked at a press conference about the roots of his political philosophy, responded simply, “I am a Christian and a Democrat.” This is the story of how the first informed the second—how his upbringing in the Episcopal Church and matriculation at the Groton School under legendary educator and minister Endicott Peabody molded Roosevelt into a leader whose politics were fundamentally shaped by the Social Gospel.

A work begun by religious historian John Woolverton (1926 2014) and recently completed by James Bratt, A Christian and a Democrat is an engaging analysis of the surprisingly spiritual life of one of the most consequential presidents in US history. Reading Woolverton’s account of FDR’s response to the toxic demagoguery of his day will reassure readers today that a constructive way forward is possible for Christians, for Americans, and for the world.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781467457484
Publisher:	Eerdmans, William B. Publishing Company
Publication date:	08/06/2019
Series:	Library of Religious Biography (LRB)
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
Pages:	280
File size:	534 KB

About the Author

John F. Woolverton (1926–2014) was professor of church history at Virginia Theological Seminary, a pastor in the Episcopal Church, and longtime editor of the journal Anglican and Episcopal History.

James D. Bratt is professor emeritus of history at Calvin College and the author of Abraham Kuyper: Modern Calvinist, Christian Democrat and Dutch Calvinism in Modern America.
James D. Bratt is professor of history at Calvin College andcoeditor of Perspectives: A Journal of ReformedThought. His other books include DutchCalvinism in Modern America and AntirevivalisminAntebellum America.

Table of Contents

Foreword James Comey vii

Preface James D. Bratt xi

Author's Preface and Acknowledgments xv

Introduction: "The Strongest and Most Mysterious Force" 1

Part I Formation

1 Son, Vestryman, and Church Politician 9

2 Endicott Peabody, Spiritual Father 33

3 Groton and Harvard-Race, Religion, and Leadership 56

Part II Faith

4 Hope-Polio and the Great Depression 79

5 Charity-The Cooperative Commonwealth 106

6 Faith-"Yes, a Very Simple Christian" 129

7 Prophet, Priest, and President-FDR in World War II 153

Part III Interpretation

8 "Who Is Kierkegaard?" 189

9 Last Rites 211

Afterword: Politics and Religion in Lincoln, Hoover, and Roosevelt 219

Index 283

Editorial Reviews

06/10/2019

Historians Woolverton (Colonial Anglicanism in North America) and Bratt (Dutch Calvinism in Modern America) present a fine religious biography of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, arguing that the New Deal program was largely the result of his Christian upbringing. Raised within the Episcopal Church, Roosevelt attended the Groton School for Boys in Groton, Mass., whose headmaster, Endicott Peabody, was known for enforcing a “Social Gospel” message of justice and service to others. As the authors show, such texts as 1 Corinthians 13 (“love is kind”) and the Sermon on the Mount were integral to Roosevelt’s faith—and thus to his sense of a God-appointed mission to lead a country in crisis. They argue that, while FDR was in no way a profound religious thinker, his public rhetoric—that the government exists to provide economic security to all citizens—reflected his strong beliefs about what the Gospel required. The authors resist connecting any single act of FDR’s to religious impulse, instead arguing that his conscience had always been informed by the “love thy neighbor” message of Christianity. This solid study of FDR’s religious roots will appeal to any reader interested in the life of America’s longest-serving president. (Aug.)

Publishers Weekly

Michael Wear
—author of Reclaiming Hope: Lessons Learned in the Obama White House about the Future of Faith in America
“This timely, inspiring portrait of the role of Christianity in the life and presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt helps us better understand one of the influential leaders of the twentieth century. Woolverton has made a great contribution here that should lead us to reevaluate our view of the role of faith in the progressive movement, the Democratic Party, and American politics generally, while also stoking our imagination for how Christian principles might guide us today.”

Randall Balmer
—author of Redeemer: The Life of Jimmy Carter
“Endicott Peabody’s dying words, ‘You know there’s no doubt but that Roosevelt is a very religious man,’ provide a good summation of America’s thirty-second president. This remarkable and long- overdue biography traces Franklin Roosevelt’s religious development from childhood through Peabody’s Groton School to the presidency, during which FDR continued to serve as senior warden of St. James’ Episcopal Church in Hyde Park. Roosevelt’s self-description as a Christian and a Democrat comes alive in this excellent, thoroughly researched biography, a book that promises to reshape our understanding of the twentieth century’s most consequential president.”

Janine Giordano Drake
— University of Providence
“Rare is the opportunity to read a biography by someone who ran in the same circles as the author but who was not an acquaintance. Through a collective biography of FDR’s many influences and their religious backgrounds, we learn that Franklin Roosevelt had the Social Gospel imprinted on his character. His boarding school teachers, as well as those of his wife Eleanor and his Secretary of Labor, Frances Perkins, raised him with a strong sense of responsibility toward the less fortunate. This Social-Gospel-sense of “Christian charity” drove both his concern for the poor and his rejection of authoritarian methods of establishing justice. Woolverton and Bratt depict a man whose ‘simple faith’ drove his decisions in both domestic and foreign policy. It was this faith, they suggest, that helped save the prospects for democracy in the United States.”

Matthew A. Sutton
— Washington State University
“Historians have not taken Franklin Roosevelt’s Christianity seriously enough when they analyze his response to the economic depression and then World War II. Thanks to John Woolverton’s excellent new biography, they will not make this mistake again. Woolverton masterfully demonstrates that to understand the Roosevelt presidency, we need to understand how the president’s Christian conceptions of faith, hope, and love shaped his policies and his views of the world.”

Alison Collis Greene
—Emory University
“With James D. Bratt’s deft revision, this study of Franklin Roosevelt’s religious life by respected Episcopal historian John Woolverton arrives at just the right time. Woolverton’s warm but frank spiritual biography describes a president who practiced a Christianity based on hope, charity, and faith and grounded in a deep sense of mutual responsibility. This book is a reminder that American Christianity might have followed an alternative trajectory into the twenty-first century.”

Publishers Weekly
“A fine religious biography of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. . . . This solid study of FDR’s religious roots will appeal to any reader interested in the life of America’s longest-serving president.”

Booklist
“A book with relevance to today’s tangle of religion and politics.”

Christian Century
“A Christian and a Democrat offers delightful surprises. Woolverton’s feel for the lilt of the language turns prose into poetry. . . . Arresting too is Woolverton’s eye for memorable quotations.”

CHOICE
“Provides an innovative examination of Franklin Roosevelt’s life.”

Calvin Theological Journal
“Conservatives who with good reason fault FDR’s utopianism and his failure to recognize the dangers of statism, seeing only good in a greater role for government, should read this book and build common ground with FDR’s Christian hopes and national dreams. Perhaps by taking the discussion away from the polarized heat of our own day and backing off to look at a history that is behind us but still with us might lead to opening doors that now seem closed. For the sake of our nation, one can only hope.

From the Publisher