Table of Contents
Instructions
Updates and Practice Tests vi
Introduction vii
Description of the Tests viii
Knowledge Test Registration ix
Knowledge Test Eligibility x
Acceptable Materials xi
Testing Procedures for Applicants Requesting Special Accommodations xi
Test Reports xii
Retesting Procedures xii
Cheating or Other Unauthorized Conduct xii
Test-Taking Tips xiv
Pilot Certificate Eligibility Requirements xv
Acronyms xix
Knowledge Exam References xxi
ASA Test Prep Layout xxii
Chapter 1 Basic Aerodynamics
Aerodynamic Terms 1-3
Axes of Rotation and the Four Forces Acting in Flight 1-6
Lift 1-7
Weight 1-7
Thrust 1-7
Drag 1-8
Stability 1-10
Turns, Loads, and Load Factors 1-12
Maneuvers 1-16
Rectangular Course 1-16
Turns Around a Point 1-16
S-Turns 1-17
Stalls and Spins 1-19
Flaps 1-20
Ground Effect 1-21
Wake Turbulence 1-23
Chapter 2 Aircraft Systems
Reciprocating Engines 2-3
Ignition and Electrical Systems 2-4
Fuel Induction Systems 2-6
Carburetor Ice 2-7
Aviation Fuel 2-10
Engine Temperatures 2-12
Propellers 2-15
Torque 2-16
Preflight Inspection Procedures 2-18
Helicopter Systems 2-19
Glider Operations 2-26
Lighter-Than-Air Operations 2-33
Powered Parachute and Weight-Shift Control Operations 2-41
Gyroplane 2-48
Chapter 3 Flight Instruments
Pitot-Static Instruments 3-3
Airspeeds and the Airspeed Indicator 3-4
The Altimeter and Altitudes 3-8
Gyroscopic Instruments 3-13
Attitude Indicator 3-13
Turn Coordinator 3-13
Heading Indicator 3-13
Magnetic Compass (Northern Hemisphere) 3-15
Chapter 4 Regulations
Introduction 4-3
Pilot Certificate Privileges and Limitations 4-3
Pilot Ratings 4-9
Medical Certificates 4-10
Required Certificates 4-13
Recent Flight Experience 4-14
High-Performance Airplanes 4-16
Glider Towing 4-17
Change of Address 4-18
Responsibility and Authority of the Pilot-in-Command 4-18
Preflight Action 4-20
Seatbelts 4-22
Alcohol and Drugs 4-23
Right-of-Way Rules 4-25
Parachutes 4-27
Deviation from Air Traffic Control Instructions 4-28
Minimum Safe Altitudes 4-29
Basic VFR Weather Minimums 4-30
Special VFR Weather Minimums 4-34
VFR Cruising Altitudes 4-35
Categories of Aircraft 4-37
Formation Flight and Dropping Objects 4-38
VFR Flight Plans 4-38
Speed Limits 4-39
Airworthiness 4-40
Maintenance and Inspections 4-42
Light-Sport Repairman Certificates 4-43
ADs, ACs, and NOTAMs 4-47
Accident Reporting Requirements 4-51
Chapter 5 Procedures and Airport Operations
Uncontrolled and Tower-Controlled Airports 5-3
Airport Markings and Signs 5-6
Airport Lighting 5-14
Visual Approach Slope Indicator (VASI) 5-15
Surface Operations 5-18
Chart Supplements U.S 5-21
Fitness for Flight 5-23
Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM) 5-27
Collision Avoidance 5-34
Aircraft Lighting 5-37
Chapter 6 Weather
The Heating of the Earth 6-3
Circulation and Wind 6-4
Temperature 6-5
Moisture 6-6
Air Masses and Fronts 6-8
Stability of the Atmosphere 6-9
Clouds 6-10
Turbulence 6-14
Thunderstorms 6-15
Wind Shear 6-18
Icing 6-19
Fog 6-21
Frost 6-22
Chapter 7 Weather Services
Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR) 7-3
Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs) (UA) 7-5
Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) 7-7
Graphical Forecasts for Aviation (GFA) 7-8
Winds and Temperatures Aloft Forecast (FB) 7-9
Inflight Weather Advisories (WA, WS, WST) 7-10
Obtaining a Telephone Weather Briefing 7-12
Chapter 8 Aircraft Performance
Weight and Balance 8-3
Airplane 8-4
Weight-Shift Control 8-4
Powered Parachute 8-4
Computing Weight and Balance Problems Using a Table 8-6
Computing Weight and Balance Problems Using a Graph 8-12
Density Altitude and Aircraft Performance 8-24
Takeoff Distance 8-30
Cruise Power Setting Table 8-34
Landing Distance Graphs and Tables 8-36
Headwind and Crosswind Component Graph 8-42
Maximum Range Performance 8-44
Chapter 9 Enroute Flight
Pilotage 9-3
Time 9-5
Topography 9-8
Dead Reckoning 9-11
Plotting Courses 9-11
Magnetic Variation 9-12
Magnetic Deviation 9-14
Wind and Its Effects 9-14
The Wind Triangle 9-17
The Flight Computer (E6-B) 9-18
Finding Wind Correction Angle (WCA) and Ground Speed (GS) 9-18
Flight Computer Calculator Face 9-20
Finding Time, Rate, and Distance 9-21
Calculating Fuel Consumption 9-23
Finding True Airspeed and Density Altitude 9-24
Airspace 9-32
Chapter 10 Navigation
VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR) 10-3
VOR Orientation 10-3
Course Determination 10-6
VOR Airways 10-8
VOR Receiver Check Points 10-9
Global Positioning System (GPS) 10-10
Chapter 11 Communication Procedures Phraseology, Techniques, and Procedures 11-3
Airport Traffic Area Communications and Light Signals 11-8
Flight Plans 11-10
Radar Assistance to VFR Aircraft 11-11
Transponder and ADS-B Requirements 11-13
Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) 11-17
Cross References
A Question Number and Page Number A-1
B Airman Knowledge Test Report Codes and Question Numbers B-1
FAA Figures
Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement for Sport Pilot, Recreational Pilot, Remote Pilot, and Private Pilot (FAA-CT-8080-2H)
