Table of Contents
Preface ix
1 The Economic Heritage 1
Agriculture
Handicrafts
Economic Modernization and Foreign Investment
Characteristics of Modern Industry in China
Foreign Trade
Human Resources
2 Alternative Paths to Economic Development 33
The Resources for Development
The Chinese Strategy for Development, The First
Phase, 1952-1957
The Great Leap Forward
Development Policy Since the Great Leap
3 Development of the Industrial Sector 50
The Soviet Assistance Program
The Growth of Industrial Output
The Pattern of Industrial Expansion
Handicraft Production
The Choice of Techniques in Manufacturing
The Location of Industry
The Fuel and Mineral Industries
The Electrical Power Industry
Transportation
The Construction Industry
Manchuria
Conclusions
4 Agriculture 87
The Agricultural Contribution to Economic Growth
Agricultural Production During and After the Great Leap Forward
Agricultural Development Policy
Current Agricultural Policy
5 Population and Employment 127
Population
Nonagricultural Employment
Employment in Agriculture
Unemployment
Professional and Scientific Manpower
6 The Control and Allocation of Resources 143
Economic Reorganization
Mobilization of Savings
National Economic Planning
The Use of Markets and Prices in Resource
Allocation
7 Conditions of Life and Labor 166
Pre- Communist Conditions
Aggregate Measures of Living Standards Since 1949
Urban Living Standards, 1952-1956
Urban Living Standards Since 1956
Rural Living Standards
State Welfare Benefits
Organization of the Labor Market
The Rural Wage System
8 Foreign Economic Relations 198
Control and Organization of Foreign Trade
Trends in Foreign Trade
The Commodity Composition of Foreign Trade
Direction of Foreign Trade
The Balance of International Payments
The Chinese Foreign Aid Program
9 Prospects for the Chinese Economy 215
Economic Growth Since 1952
China and India Compared
Future Policy Alternatives
An Optimum Economic Policy for China
Bibliography 230
Index 241
