Table of Contents
About the Author vii
About Research & Education Association vii
Acknowledgments vii
Chapter 1 Passing the CLEP Introductory Psychology 1
Getting Started 3
The REA Study Center 4
An Overview of the Exam 5
All About the CLEP Program 6
Options for Military Personnel and Veterans 7
SSD Accommodations for Candidates with Disabilities 7
6-Week Study Plan 8
Test-Taking Tips 8
The Day of the Exam 10
Online Diagnostic Test: rea.com/studycenter
Chapter 2 History and Methods 11
Psychology's History 13
Modern Approaches to Understanding Human Behavior 14
Research Methods 15
Chapter 3 Biological Bases of Behavior 19
Neurons 21
Neurotransmitters 22
Sub-Systems of the Nervous System 23
Brain Organization 25
Chapter 4 Sensation and Perception 27
Sensation 29
Perception 30
Chapter 5 Consciousness 33
Patterns of Waking and Sleeping 35
Sleep Disorders 37
Dreams 37
Altered States of Consciousness 38
Chapter 6 Learning 39
Non-Associative Learning 41
Associative Learning 42
Chapter 7 Cognition 47
Thinking 49
Language 50
Memory 51
Intelligence 51
Chapter 8 Motivation and Emotion 53
Motivation 55
Emotions 57
Chapter 9 Development 59
Developmental Research Methods 61
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development 62
Erikson's Theory of Psycho-Social Development 64
Chapter 10 Personality 67
The Psychoanalytic Approach 69
The Humanistic Approach 72
The Social-Cognitive Approach 72
The Individual Difference (or Trait) Approach 73
Chapter 11 Psychological Disorders 75
Anxiety Disorders 77
Mood Disorders 78
Dissociative Disorders 78
Schizophrenia 78
Somatoform Disorders 79
Personality Disorders 80
Explanations for Abnormal Behavior 80
Chapter 12 Psychological Therapies 81
The Psychoanalytic Approach 83
The Humanistic Approach 84
The Cognitive Approach 85
The Learning (or Behavioral) Approach 85
The Biological (or Medical) Approach 86
Chapter 13 Social Psychology 89
Social Cognition 91
Social Influence 92
Social Relations - Aggression and Altruism 93
Chapter 14 Testing, Measurement, and Statistics 95
Reliability, Validity, and Standardization 97
Descriptive Statistics and Statistical Inference 98
Practice Test 1 (also available online at rea.com/studycenter) 101
Answer Key 127
Detailed Explanations of Answers 128
Practice Test 2 (also available online at rea.com/studycenter) 139
Answer Key 165
Detailed Explanations of Answers 166
Answer Sheets 179
Glossary 183
Index 197